不同储藏条件下蒸谷米蒸煮特性的变化研究

    Study on cooking properties changes of parboiled rice and milled rice under different storage conditions

    • 摘要: 为了研究储藏条件对蒸谷米蒸煮特性的影响,以大米为对照,测定不同储藏温度下蒸谷米和大米不同储藏时间的蒸煮特性指标,探索蒸谷米品质特性变化与储藏时间、储藏温度的相关性和差异性。结果表明:同批次稻谷生产的蒸谷米的吸水率、体积膨胀率、米汤pH值、米汤固形物含量、米汤碘蓝值等指标均比大米低,随着储藏时间的延长,蒸谷米的吸水率和体积膨胀率呈现先上升后下降的趋势,而大米的吸水率和体积膨胀率逐渐升高;两者的米汤pH值、碘蓝值和固形物含量均逐渐降低,但蒸谷米变化幅度较小;储藏温度对蒸谷米的米汤碘蓝值和吸水率有极显著影响(P<0.01),对大米的米汤pH值、固形物含量和碘蓝值和吸水率有极显著影响(P<0.01)。储藏时间与储藏温度的交互作用对蒸谷米的米汤pH值和吸水率有极显著影响(P<0.01),对大米米汤pH值和碘蓝值有极显著影响(P<0.01);储藏时间与两种大米的蒸煮特性指标的变化均有极显著相关性,与蒸谷米的蒸煮特性指标的相关系数绝对值均大于0.736,而与大米的蒸煮特性指标相关系数绝对值均大于0.923,与大米相比,蒸谷米的各蒸煮特性指标受储藏时间影响相对较小,能更好地保持食味品质,有利于安全储藏。

       

      Abstract: In order to study the effect of storage conditions on the cooking characteristics of parboiled rice, milled rice was used as a control to simulate the storage conditions of low temperature (15℃), normal temperature (25℃), high temperature (35℃), and relative humidity of 75%. The cooking characteristics (rice water absorption rate, volume expansion rate, rice soup pH, rice soup solids, rice soup iodine blue value) of parboiled rice and milled rice at different storage times and different temperatures were determined. The correlation and differences between the changes in the quality characteristics of parboiled rice and the storage time and storage conditions were also explored. The results showed that the steam absorption of parboiled rice produced in the same batch of rice had lower water absorption rate, volume expansion rate, rice soup pH value, rice soup solids content, rice soup iodine blue value, and other indicators than rice. The water absorption rate and volume expansion rate showed a downward trend after rising first, while the water absorption rate and volume expansion rate of milled rice gradually increased. The pH value, iodine blue value and solid content of both rice soups gradually decreased, but the change range of parboiled rice was small. Storage temperature significantly affected the rice soup iodine blue value and water absorption of parboiled rice (P< 0.01), as well as the rice soup pH value, rice soup solids content and iodine blue value (P< 0.01).The interaction between storage time and storage temperature significantly affected the pH value and absorption of both parboiled rice soup and milled rice soup (P< 0.01). This interaction also affected the iodine blue value of milled rice soup (P< 0.01). The changes in the cooking characteristics of the two types of rice had a very significant correlation. The absolute correlation coefficients with the cooking characteristics of parboiled rice were both greater than 0.736, while the absolute correlation coefficients with the cooking characteristics of milled rice were greater than 0.923. Compared with milled rice, the cooking characteristics of parboiled rice were relatively less affected by the storage time, which can better maintain the taste quality and facilitate safe storage.

       

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