Abstract:
In order to prepare stripped flaxseed oil-in-water emulsion with high physicochemical stability, broaden the application of flaxseed oil in the food industry, the stripped flaxseed oil (SFO) was prepared using the silica gel column chromatography to remove the endogenous polar components. After treatment, the peroxide value of SFO was decreased to 0.28 mmol/kg, the polarity was dropped from 5.51% to 0.85%, and the content of trace components (sterols, sterol esters, tocopherols and polyphenols) were not detected. SFO was then used to fabricate the flaxseed oil in water emulsion using the methods of high-speed shearing and high-pressure homogenization. Effects of shearing rate, shearing time, homogenization pressure, and homogenization cycles on the physiochemical stability of the SFO emulsion were determined by measuring the droplet size, zeta potential, surface tension, PV value, TBARs value, and p-Anisidine Value. The results showed that the increase of shearing time and shearing speed both highly decreased the droplet size and zeta potential of the droplets, otherwise highly increased the temperature, peroxide value of emulsions and TBARs value, respectively up to 34 ℃, 4.53 mmol/kg and 31.50 μmol/g under the shearing speed of 22 000 r/min and shearing time of 6 min. The primary oxidation process was dominant in the treatment of high-speed shearing process. However, when the shearing speed increased beyond 19 000 r/min, values of TBARs in SFO emulsions obviously grew. The treatment of homogenization generated a smaller droplet size and a higher physical stability of SFO emulsions than the high-speed shearing. Similarly, the increase of the homogenization pressure and cycles highly increased the physical stability but decreased the oxidation stability of the SFO emulsions. The increase of emulsion temperature in the homogenization process was more significant than in the high-speed shearing process. However, the oxidation extent of SFO in emulsions from the homogenization was lower than that from the high-speed shearing. The oxidation of SFO in the homogenization process was advanced at the primary oxidation stage. The emulsion temperature reached up to 50 ℃ under 60 MPa and 3 cycles induced the PV value at 2.14 mmol/kg and the TBARs value at 19.03 μmol/g. Increase of the homogenization cycle little affected the emulsion temperature but obviously increased PV and TBARs values at the homogenization pressure beyond 10 MPa. The antioxidants-TBHQ, VC and GTP were added before preparation of SFO emulsions to prevent the oxidation stability loss of SFO in the emulsifying processes. It was found that the addition of the three antioxidants little influenced the physical stability of the SFO emulsions and obviously decreased the PV level of emulsions. However, VC and GTP both increased the TBARs value of emulsions, which might be attributed to its self-oxidation or the pro-oxidation effects in the emulsifying process. Therefore, high-speed shear and homogenization processes had a significant impact on the stability of the emulsion. With lower shear rate, higher homogenization pressure and fewer homogenization times, adding self-stable antioxidants will increase the physicochemical stability of the emulsion.