不同品种小麦搭配所制面粉的理化特性研究

    Study on the physicochemical properties of flour milled by different wheat variety blending

    • 摘要: 为研究不同品质类型的小麦品种搭配制粉后面粉理化特性变化规律,明确其配麦效应,为科学指导配麦工艺设计、专用粉生产等提供参考,以西农979、伟隆169、西农511、小偃22为原料,按照不同质量比两两搭配组合磨制小麦粉,测定其蛋白质特性、淀粉糊化特性、面团流变学特性,利用回归曲线拟合分析不同品种小麦搭配后面粉的理化特性,并对其配麦效应进行评估。结果表明:伟隆169、西农979、西农511分别与小偃22搭配时,面粉的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、糊化温度、稳定时间、最大拉伸阻力均呈“一项式”变化规律,表现为平均效应;峰值黏度均呈“二项式”变化,表现出正效应。西农979、伟隆169分别与西农511搭配时,面粉的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、吸水率、延伸性均呈“二项式”变化,表现出负效应。不同品质类型的小麦搭配制粉效应不同,利用回归曲线拟合可以对不同品种小麦搭配所制面粉的理化特性进行有效预测。

       

      Abstract: Wheat blending is one of the widely used technical means in flour production, especially special flour production, which is closely related to product quality, processing cost, and economic efficiency, etc. A systematic study of the changes in the physicochemical characteristics of flour milling from different quality types of wheat varieties, and clarification of their matching effects can more accurately predict the quality traits of matching flour, and provide scientific guidance for the production and processing of special wheat flour. In this study, Xinong 979, Weilong 169, Xinong 511, and Xiaoyan 22 were used as raw materials, and combined in two-by-two combinations according to the mass ratios of 0∶100, 20∶80, 40∶60, 60∶40, 80∶20, and 100∶0 to prepare wheat flour. The protein properties, starch pasting properties, and dough rheological properties of the flours were determined. Subsequently, the physicochemical properties and the wheat-matching effect of different wheat varieties were analyzed by regression curve fitting. In order to clarify the variation pattern and the effect of wheat blending, a regression curve fitting was performed, “ monomial” or “ binomial” equation was adopted to reveal the variation of flour quality characteristics with the proportion of wheat blending combinations. The results showed that the protein content, wet gluten content, pasting temperature, stability time, and maximum tensile resistance of the flour exhibited a “ monomial” variation, showing an average effect, while the peak viscosity exhibited a “ binomial” variation, showing a negative effect, when Weilong 169, Xinong 979 and Xinong 511 were blended with Xiaoyan 22, respectively. The protein content, wet gluten content, water absorption and extensibility of the flour exhibited a “ binomial” variation, when Xinong 979 and Weilong 169 were blended with Xinnong 511, respectively. The protein content, wet gluten content, extensibility of the flour exhibited a “ binomial” variation, showing a negative effect, when Xinong 979 were blended with Weilong 169.The physicochemical properties of wheat flour can be predicted effectively by regression curve fitting, which can provide a reference for scientific wheat blending process design and special flour production.

       

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