干燥香榧假种皮精油挥发性成分、体外抗氧化活性及抑菌效果研究

    Study on volatile compounds, in vitro antioxidant activities and antibacterial effects of essential oil extracted from the dried aril of Torreya grandis

    • 摘要: 香榧假种皮作为废物被丢弃会造成资源浪费和环境污染,为提高其综合加工价值及开发香榧精油产品,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取干燥香榧假种皮精油,利用GC-MS技术分析精油的挥发性成分及含量,通过体外自由基清除试验探究干燥香榧假种皮精油的抗氧化活性,并采用牛津杯法评估其对3种食源性致病菌(大肠杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌)的抑制效果。结果表明:利用GC-MS共鉴定出45种挥发性成分,包括萜烯类、醇类、醛类和酮类等化合物,主要成分为3-蒈烯(26.20%)、D-柠檬烯(15.11%)、δ-杜松醇(8.16%)和δ-杜松烯(7.57%);干燥香榧假种皮精油具有较好的体外抗氧化活性,对DPPH、ABTS和羟自由基清除能力与其质量浓度呈正相关(P<0.01);此外,干燥香榧假种皮精油有明显的抑菌作用,抑菌效果与其质量浓度呈正相关(P<0.01),3株供试菌对香榧假种皮精油的敏感程度为蜡样芽孢杆菌>大肠杆菌>金黄色葡萄球菌。干燥香榧假种皮精油具有较好的体外抗氧化和抑菌活性。

       

      Abstract: In this study, the essential oil of Torreya grandis (T. grandis) dried aril was extracted by steam distillation, and its volatile compounds and contents were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, the in vitro antioxidant activities of the essential oil were investigated by DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl free radicals scavenging rate assays. Finally, the inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were evaluated by the Oxford cup method. According to the GC-MS analysis, a total of 45 volatile components were identified in the essential oil of T. grandis dried aril. Among them, 3-Carene was the most dominant compound, possessing the highest relative content of 26.20%, followed by D-limonene, δ-Cadinene and δ-Cadinol, with relative content of 15.11%, 8.16% and 7.57%, respectively. The results of in vitro free radical scavenging tests showed that the essential oil exhibited great antioxidant activities, and the scavenging ability against DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl free radicals was positively correlated with the mass concentrations of the essential oil (P<0.01). The scavenging rates against DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl free radicals were 74.82%±1.58%, 78.78%±1.75% and 69.76%±2.73%, respectively, at the highest concentration of 1 mg/mL essential oil. The results of the antibacterial effects revealed that the essential oil of T. grandis dried aril inhibited E. coli, B. cereus, and S. aureus to some extent. By comparing the diameter of the inhibition zone, the essential oil displayed obvious antibacterial activity, which was positively correlated with the concentration (P<0.01). At the same mass concentration, B. cereus was the most sensitive to the essential oil, followed by E. coli and finally S. aureus. This study demonstrated that the essential oil of T. grandis dried aril had good in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities.

       

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