Abstract: The quality of high-quality indica rice is prone to change during storage, especially its own color. The main two factors of yellowing of high-quality indica rice are microbial and environmental conditions. In this paper, the effects of four main molds: Aspergillus glaucus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus albicans and Aspergillus niger on the yellowing of high-quality indica rice were investigated by setting different water conditions and storage temperatures. The results showed that the yellowness index of high-quality indica rice changed to varying degrees under different conditions. Among them, high-quality indica rice with a water content of 17% was inoculated with Aspergillus glaucus at 30 ℃ for simulated storage, and the yellowness index increased the fastest. From the correlation analysis on the number of bacteria and the yellowness index, it was concluded that Aspergillus glaucus had the greatest influence on the yellowing in the suitable growth environment, and the weakest was Aspergillus albicans.