酶处理方式对燕麦乳稳定性的影响

    Effect of enzymatic hydrolysis modes on the stability of oat milk

    • 摘要: 为改善燕麦乳的稳定性,以燕麦粉酶解为切入点,对淀粉酶的添加方式(单独、顺序和同时添加)进行研究,以期为高品质燕麦乳的研制提供技术支撑。首先考察单独添加淀粉酶(α-淀粉酶、糖化酶、普鲁兰酶)对燕麦粉中淀粉水解率的影响,确定酶的添加量和水解时间;然后采用黏度计、激光粒度仪与稳定性分析仪等,探究双酶和三酶的同步与分步酶解对燕麦乳的黏度、离心沉淀率、粒径、背散射光通量变化量(ΔBS)以及稳定性动力学指数(TSI)等的影响。结果表明:相比双酶酶解制得的燕麦乳,三酶酶解燕麦乳的黏度较高(~12 mPa·s),平均粒径(D4,3)为14.43~19.47 μm,ΔBS和TSI较小,稳定性高;相比三酶同步酶解,三酶分步酶解燕麦乳的黏度高,ΔBS多数低于0.5%,其中第1步添加普鲁兰酶,第2步同时添加α-淀粉酶与糖化酶所制得燕麦乳的TSI最低,稳定性最好。调控淀粉酶的添加顺序和同时添加多种酶可以显著提高燕麦乳的稳定性。

       

      Abstract: Plant-based milk beverages, particularly oat milk, recently have gained popularity. However, due to their high starch content, these milk beverages made from oat flour or other grain flour are faced with the technological challenge of poor stability. Depending on the enzyme hydrolysis of oat flour, in this research, the addition modes of three types of amylase including added separately, order of addition, and added simultaneously were systemically investigated to provide technical support for the creation of high-quality oat milk. Firstly, the effects of the addition of amylases, including α-amylase (A), glucoamylase (B), and pullulanase (P) on the starch hydrolysis rate in oat flour were examined to determine the optimal enzyme dosage and hydrolysis time. Secondly, a series of oat milk was prepared by using hydrolyzed oat flours, which were separately hydrolyzed by simultaneously or gradually enzymatic hydrolysis with two or three types of amylases. The preparing process of the oat milk comprised slurrying (the hydrolyzed oat flour/ water: 1/12), gelatinization (100 ℃, 30 min), enzymatic hydrolysis, enzyme deactivation (100 ℃, 15 min), dispersion and pulverizing with the colloid mill, sieving (200 mesh), and then homogenizing (50 ℃, 50 MPa), pasteurization. Instruments such as viscometers, laser particle size analyzers, and stability analyzers were employed to explore the effects of synchronous and sequential dual-enzyme and triple-enzyme hydrolysis on the viscosity, centrifugal sedimentation rate, particle size, changes in backscatter scattering luminous (ΔBS), and stability kinetic index (TSI) of oat milk. The results indicated that compared to the oat milk produced through dual-enzyme hydrolysis, oat milk prepared through triple-enzyme hydrolysis exhibited higher viscosity (reaching 12 mPa·s), and an average particle sizes (D4,3) ranging from 14.43 to 19.47 μm, lower ΔBS and TSI value, and higher stability. When comparing triple-enzyme synchronous and sequential hydrolysis, the oat milk obtained through sequential triple-enzyme hydrolysis demonstrated higher viscosity, with most ΔBS values below 0.5%. Specifically, the oat milk prepared by adding pullulanase in the first step and simultaneously adding α-amylase and glucoamylase in the second step exhibited the lowest TSI and the best stability. Regulating the addition sequence of amylases and the types of enzymes added simultaneously can significantly improve the stability.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回