Abstract: To improve the cleaning effect of reciprocating vibrating sieve on wheat and ensure the quality of subsequent processing links, two kinds of TQLZ 100×150 reciprocating vibrating sieve with different screen hole configurations were selected to clean wheat. Single-factor tests were employed to study the effects of vibration direction angle, screen surface inclination angle, and amplitude of reciprocating vibrating sieve with two different screen hole configurations on the average moving speed and cleaning effect of wheat on the screen surface. Orthogonal tests were used to explore the best combination of working parameters. The results showed that the comprehensive influence level of the working parameters of the TQLZ 100×150 reciprocating vibrating sieve on wheat cleaning was: amplitude > vibration direction angle > screen surface inclination angle. The best working parameter combinations for the reciprocating vibrating sieve to clean wheat under the conditions of two kinds of sieve hole configurations were both a vibration direction angle of 20°, a screen surface inclination angle of 7°, and a bidirectional amplitude of 4.5 mm. Under these conditions, the average moving speed of wheat was 18.8 cm/s, the removal rates of large impurities were 84.51% and 87.78% respectively, the removal rates of small impurities were 89.42% and 84.28%, respectively, and the rates of complete grain in the foot of large impurities were 0.82% and 1.03%, respectively. The research results can provide technical support for the adjustment of working parameters of reciprocating vibrating sieve under different process requirements in wheat cleaning.