Abstract: As an important medium for enzyme-catalyzed reactions, solvents significantly affect the activity, stability, and selectivity of lipase. This article aims to summarize the mechanism of the influence of solvents on the catalytic behavior of lipase, and provide a theoretical basis for optimizing enzyme catalytic conditions and improving the efficiency of enzyme industrial application. By summarizing the research progress of the effect of organic solvents, ionic liquids, and low melting solvents on lipase in the past ten years, the regulation laws of different solvents on lipase activity, stability, and selectivity are analyzed. Organic solvents can enhance the thermal stability of enzymes and regulate the specificity of substrates, but they may destroy the structure of enzymes. Ionic liquids significantly improve the stability and activity of enzymes due to their controllable ionic environment and low volatility, but they have high cost, high viscosity and toxicity problems. As a green alternative medium, low melting solvents stabilize the enzyme structure through hydrogen bonding and improve catalytic efficiency. They have both biodegradability and environmental friendliness, but their specific mechanism of action remains to be studied in depth.