制备方式对全麦粉品质与储藏稳定性的影响

    Effect of manufacturing methods on the quality and storage stability of whole wheat meal

    • 摘要: 为明确制备方式对全麦粉品质特性及储藏稳定性的影响,采用直接粉碎与回添两种方法制备6组全麦粉样品(旋风磨直接粉碎、布勒实验磨制粉后回添、胚芽与普通麸皮回添、普通麸皮回添、胚芽与膨化麸皮回添、膨化麸皮回添),测定其理化特性、色泽、粒度分布及储藏稳定性,并分析所制馒头的比容与质构特性。结果表明:旋风磨直接粉碎所得全麦粉平均粒径最大;回添胚芽的样品粗脂肪与粗蛋白含量高于未回添组,其余品质指标无显著差异;回添普通麸皮的全麦粉水分含量分别为13.76%和13.64%,显著高于其他4组;回添膨化麸皮的全麦粉可溶性膳食纤维与总酚含量显著高于其他4组,且其所制馒头品质相对更优;加速储藏6周后,旋风磨直接粉碎与回添膨化麸皮的全麦粉脂肪酸值及丙二醛含量均显著低于其他3组,表现出较好的储藏稳定性。综上,旋风磨直接粉碎与回添膨化麸皮的全麦粉具有较优的储藏稳定性,其中回添膨化麸皮的全麦粉在馒头加工品质方面表现更佳。

       

      Abstract: To investigate the effect of manufacturing methods on the quality of whole wheat meal, WWM, six types of WWM were prepared using either direct grinding or re-addition methods, with four types incorporating extrusion -puffing of bran and re-addition of germ. Quality indices of WWMs, including physicochemical properties, color parameters, particle size distribution, pasting viscosity, and storage stability, were evaluated. Additionally, the specific volume and texture of whole wheat steamed bread made from these meals were analyzed. Results indicated that WWM produced by direct grinding with a hammer mill had the largest average particle size. WWMs with germ re-addition exhibited higher crude fat and protein contents compared to those without germ, while other quality attributes showed no significant differences. WWMs containing regular wheat bran had moisture contents of 13.76% and 13.64%, significantly higher than corresponding samples. WWMs with extruded bran re-addition demonstrated significantly higher levels of soluble dietary fiber and total phenolic compounds than other groups and yielded superior-quality steamed bread. After accelerated storage for six weeks, the fatty acid values of WWF1 (direct grinding), WWF5(germ and extruded bran recombination), and WWF6 (both with extruded bran re-added) were 103.24, 92.27, and 86.99 mg/100g, respectively, while their malondialdehyde contents were 3.01, 3.06, and 3.01 mg/kg—significantly lower than those of other samples—indicating enhanced storage stability. In summary, WWF1 (direct grinding), WWF5, and WWF6 (both with extruded bran re-added) exhibited greater storage stability. Moreover, WWMs with extruded bran re-addition produced higher-quality steamed bread.

       

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