基于DUSt3R立体深度学习的散装粮堆体积测量方法研究

    Research on bulk grain pile volume measurement method based on DUSt3R stereo deep learning

    • 摘要: 针对传统粮堆体积测量方法中设备成本高、依赖相机标定、复杂形态适配性差等问题,提出一种基于密集无约束体三维重建(dense and unconstrained stereo 3D reconstruction,DUSt3R)点云的散装粮堆体积智能估算方法。该方法利用DUSt3R的注意力机制与稠密匹配技术,实现端到端生成三维点云。构建基于粮堆特性的点云优化模块,结合统计滤波与RANSAC平面检测技术,提升点云噪声去除能力,并通过DBSCAN聚类实现粮堆与地面的精准分割。结果表明:该方法有效克服了对相机标定的依赖,显著提升了点云噪声处理与分割精度;通过动态网格投影与Alpha Shape曲面重建技术自适应拟合复杂粮堆形态,在保证测量准确性的同时大幅降低硬件成本,具备良好的工程适用性;在6种典型粮堆形态上开展试验验证,平均测量误差约为5%,仅需普通摄像头即可完成数据采集。该体积测量方法可与平粮机器人作业设备高效集成,为散装粮堆体积测量与自动化作业引导提供了低成本、高精度的技术解决方案。

       

      Abstract: To address issues such as high equipment costs, reliance on camera calibration, and poor adaptability to complex shapes in traditional bulk grain pile volume measurement methods, this study proposes an intelligent volume estimation method for bulk grain pile volume based on DUSt3R 3D reconstruction point clouds. This method leverages DUSt3R's attention mechanism and dense matching technology to generate 3D point clouds end-to-end without requiring pre-calibrated camera parameters. A point cloud optimization module tailored to the characteristics of grain pile is constructed, which combines statistical filtering with RANSAC plane detection technology to enhance point cloud noise removal capabilities and employs DBSCAN clustering to achieve precise segmentation between the grain pile and the ground surface. Results indicate that this approach not only effectively eliminates the need for camera calibration and significantly improves the accuracy of point cloud noise processing and segmentation, but also adaptively fits complex grain pile morphologies via dynamic grid projection and Alpha Shape surface reconstruction. It ensures measurement accuracy while substantially reducing hardware costs, demonstrating excellent engineering applicability. Validation tests conducted on six typical grain pile morphologies yielded an average measurement error of approximately 5%, with data acquisition achievable using only ordinary cameras. This volume measurement method can be efficiently integrated with grain leveling robot equipment, providing a low-cost, high-precision technical solution for bulk grain pile volume measurement and automated operation guidance.

       

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