预糊化玉米粉对挂面品质的影响研究

    Study on the Effect of Pre-gelatinized Corn Flour on the Quality of Dry Noodles

    • 摘要: 采用挤压膨化法对玉米粉进行预糊化处理,通过对预糊化处理前后玉米粉及预糊化玉米粉-小麦粉配粉(0%、10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%)的基本理化指标、成品挂面的蒸煮特性及质构特性(干挂面抗弯曲力、熟挂面的全质构分析TPA)的测定来研究预糊化玉米粉对挂面品质的影响,并结合傅立叶红外光谱探讨了相关作用机制。研究结果表明:玉米粉经预糊化处理后水分、粗脂肪、支链淀粉含量显著降低(P<0.05),而水溶性、膨胀势显著增加(P<0.05);随着预糊化玉米粉添加量的增加,挂面的最佳蒸煮时间逐渐减少,而蒸煮损失逐渐增加,干挂面的抗弯曲力先增大后减小。当预糊化玉米粉添加量≤50%时,制成挂面的品质均较好;添加量为60%~70%时,挂面表面粗糙,条形弯曲且蒸煮损失较大。结合挂面的蒸煮特性、质构特性及感官评价结果可知,预糊化玉米粉的添加量为40%时,挂面蒸煮时间最佳且抗弯曲力较大,具有良好的口感。傅立叶红外结果显示,预糊化处理可破坏玉米蛋白与淀粉的结合,有利于挂面成型。

       

      Abstract: The effect of pre-gelatinized corn flour (PCF) made by direct extrusion on the physicochemical of flour and the quality of cooking and texture (anti-bending force of dry noodles; texture profile analysis of cooked noodles) of noodles were investigated.Additionally,Fourier transferred infrared (FTIR) was also employed to illustrate the related mechanism.The results showed that the content of water,crude fat and amylopectin of corn flour decreased after pre-gelatinization,while the content of water-soluble and swelling potential increased significantly.The cooking time of dry noodles gradually declined and the cooking loss increased with the increased addition levels of PCF,while the anti-bending force was increased firstly and then decreased.Dry noodles had better properties when PCF content was less than or equal to 50%; when the addition amount ranged from 60% to 70%,the surface of the dry noodles was rough,the strip was curved and the cooking loss was larger.According to cooking qualities,textural properties and sensory evaluation,when PCF content was up to 40%,dry noodles had the best anti-bending force and taste.FTIR showed that PCF could destroy the combination of protein and starch in the corn flour,which was beneficial to the formation of dry noodles.

       

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