稻谷的陈化对其米粉制品品质的影响

    EFFECT OF ACCELERATED AGING ON THE QUALITY OF RICE NOODLES

    • 摘要: 为了减少因稻谷陈化造成的损失,探究不同陈化程度稻谷的最佳食用方式,采用人工气候箱模拟中国典型高温高湿储粮环境(35℃,RH 80%),对来自我国粳稻谷不同主产地(江苏、吉林及原阳)的3种粳稻进行加速陈化储藏,储藏过程中定期取出,作为制作米粉的原料,测定米粉的蒸煮、感官品质及质构特性等相关指标,并做差异性分析,探讨米粉品质的变化规律。结果表明:3种粳稻的变化规律基本相同。随着储藏时间的延长,3种粳米米粉的蒸煮损失率整体均呈逐渐下降趋势,而复水率的变化趋势与之相反;米粉感官评分随着储藏时间延长呈先上升后有所下降的变化规律,新鲜稻谷的感官评分最低(-4、-4、-3分),在储藏24周时达到最大值(8、6、6分),24周后开始有所降低;米粉的硬度、黏聚性和咀嚼性整体呈增大的趋势,弹性呈现先降低后增加的趋势,分别在第4、16、4周时弹性最低,黏着性呈先迅速下降后趋于平缓的趋势,回复性变化没有呈现出明显的规律;差异性分析结果表明,储藏过程中,硬度、黏着性、咀嚼性、蒸煮损失率和复水率随储藏时间的延长变化显著,其中硬度的变化最大,弹性的变化最小,变化显著的指标均有利于米粉品质提高。

       

      Abstract: In order to reduce the loss caused by aging and explore the suitable way of eating rice with different aging extent,the quality change rules of rice noodles during the aging process were studied.The samples from different producing areas (Jiangsu,Jilin and Yuanyang) were selected and their accelerated aging was performed in climate chamber to simulate the typical high temperature and humidity food storage environment in China (35℃,RH80%).The cooking,sensory quality and texture characteristics of rice noodles were regularly measured and the variance was analyzed.The results showed that the change rules of quality of three japonica rice were mainly the same.As the storage time extended,the cooking loss rate of three kind of rice noodles has a downward trend while rehydration has an upward trend.The general trend of sensory score increased first and then decreased.In addition,scores of fresh rice were lowest (-4,-4,-3) and then reached the maximum after 24 weeks of storage (8,6,6).The hardness,cohesiveness and chewiness of rice flour increased,and the elasticity decreased first and then increased.The elasticity was the lowest at the 4th,16th and 4th week respectively.Adhesion showed a rapid decline trend followed by a gradual decline trend,and there were no obvious change rules of recovery.The results of variance analysis showed that hardness,cohesiveness,chewiness and cooking loss rate changed significantly with the extended storage time,of which the hardness change was the most,the smallest change was elasticity.The significantly changed indicators might contribute to the improve the quality of rice noodles.

       

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