南方地区10个稻谷品种解吸等温线与解吸等热分析

    Study on Equilibrium Moisture Desorption Isotherm and Isosteric Heat of Ten Varieties of Paddy in South China

    • 摘要: 为了减少稻谷储藏及加工中的损失,提高加工过程整精米率和白度,采用静态称重法在10~35℃、RH 11.3%~96%条件下测定了我国南方地区6个长粒稻谷和4个中粒稻谷品种的解吸等温线,并分析储粮安全水分和解吸等热。结果表明:10个品种解吸等温线的平均值拟合的MCPE方程系数A、B、C分别为725.445、34.61、0.249。采用该方程分析15、20、25℃对应的解吸平衡水分,平衡相对湿度(ERH)为65%时,解吸平衡水分分别为14.16%、13.77%、13.42%;ERH为70%时,解吸平衡水分分别为14.91%、14.53%、14.18%;ERH为75%时,解吸平衡水分分别为15.78%、15.39%、15.04%。不同类型稻谷(长粒、中粒)在相同条件下的解吸安全水分值是相似的。当稻谷水分含量低于15%,以MCPE方程分析的解吸等热从4 670 kJ/kg急剧减少,之后随水分含量增加则缓慢减少到2 500 kJ/kg。尤其是在25~35℃,稻谷解吸等热从水分含量15%开始降低速度要缓于10~20℃,水分含量为17%的稻谷水分解吸等热接近纯水的汽化潜热。结果表明,储藏温度为15~20℃,稻谷入仓的水分含量可以控制在15.4%~15.8%。

       

      Abstract: With the spread of decreasing-temperature by air-condition in the warehouses of south China region,it is necessary to study the moisture content of paddy for loading warehouse.The desorptive EMC/ERH data of ten varieties of paddy from south China were determined by gravimetric method at range of 10-35℃and RH 11.3%-96%,respectively.The parameters A,B,and C in best fitted equation MCPE,were 725.445,34.61,and 0.249,respectively.The absolutely safe storage MC of the studied paddy under 65% ERH was 14.16%,13.77%,and 13.42% wet basis (w.b.) at 15℃,20℃,and 25℃,respectively.The relatively safe storage MC of the paddy under 70% ERH was 14.91%,14.53%,14.18% w.b.at 15℃,20℃,and 25℃,respectively.The EMC of the paddy under 75% ERH was 15.78%,15.39%,and 15.04% w.b.at 15℃,20℃,and 25℃,respectively.At the same condition the EMC of both long-grain and medium-grain paddies were similar.The isosteric heat of desorption of paddy drastically decreased from 4 670 kJ/kg below 15% MC,thereafter slowly decreased to 2 500 kJ/kg with an increase in moisture content.The isosteric heat of paddy desorption approaches to the latent heat of pure water at 17% MC.These results suggest that the paddy moisture content for loading warehouse in south China region can be 15.4%-15.8% at the temperature of 15-20℃.

       

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