多谷物面条的配方优化

    OPTIMIZATION OF MULTI-GRAIN NOODLES FORMULAS

    • 摘要: 为了给多谷物面条的研发提供理论基础,以玉米面粉和小麦面粉为主要原料,复配荞麦粉、黄豆粉以及小米粉,采用挤压工艺制备多谷物面条。通过单形重心设计进行混粉试验,分析了混合粉的糊化特性、面团的流变学特性以及面条的蒸煮品质和感官品质。结果表明:黄豆粉对混合粉的黏度有明显的降低作用,荞麦粉的添加会使混合粉的黏度逐渐增加,小米粉的添加对混合粉的黏度没有显著的影响,黄豆粉对多谷物面条的感官品质有提升作用,且同时混有3种杂粮粉的面条感官品质较高,使用含有玉米面粉45%、小麦面粉40%、荞麦粉11.667%,黄豆粉1.667%和小米粉1.667%的混合粉所制面团的弹性模量(G')和黏性模量(G'')均最大。以感官品质为主要指标,参考各混合粉的糊化特性及流变学特性进行优化分析确定出多谷物面条的最佳配比:玉米面粉45%、小麦面粉40%、荞麦粉8%,黄豆粉3.5%,小米粉3.5%。为了进一步优化面条品质,采用乳清蛋白(WP)、黄原胶(XG)和谷氨酰胺转氨酶(TGase)进行改良,结果发现:XG对多谷物面条感官评价的影响最大,TGase次之,WP的效果相对较差,采用正交试验优化并确定最佳改良配比:XG 0.3%、WP 1.5%和TGase 0.07%。

       

      Abstract: The multi-grain noodles were prepared using wheat flour and corn flour as the main raw materials and buckwheat flour,soybean flour and millet flour as additive component in the present study.Mixed powder formulations were optimized by simple centroid design.The gelatinization properties of the mix powder,the rheological properties of dough,cooking quality and sensory quality of multi-grain noodles were analyzed.Results showed that the addition of soybean powder decreased the viscosity of the mixed powder and provided better sensory quality for the prepared multi-grain noodles;the addition of buckwheat powder improved the viscosity of mixed powder;the millet powder had no significant effect on the mixtures;the powder contained these three grain powders had the best sensory quality.Moreover,the noodle dough prepared by the mixed powder containing 45% of corn flour,40% of wheat flour,11.667% of buckwheat flour,1.667% of soybean flour 1.667% of millet flour had the maximum figure in elastic modulus (G') and viscous modulus (G'').The optimum formulation of multi-grian noodles was afforded with sensory quality as the main standard as well as gelatinization properties and rheological properties as reference,which were showed as follows:45% of corn flour,40% of wheat flour,8% of buckwheat flour,3.5% of soybean flour and 3.5% of millet flour.In order to further improve the quality of multi-grain noodles,soybean protein (WP),xanthan gum (XG) and glutamine transaminase (TGase) were added.Results showed that XG had the most significant effect on the sensory quality of multi-grain noodles,followed by TGase,and WP was relatively poor.The orthogonal test was used to optimize the best modified ratio:0.3% of WP,1.5% of XG and 0.07% of TGase.The present study will provide theoretical basis for the research and development of multi-grain noodles.

       

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