Abstract: The achievement of low-cost, large-scale fermentation of Bifidobacterium adolescentis relies on the development of new cost-effective liquid culture media. In this study,five vegetables, including tomato, potato, okra, purple potato, and carrot, were selected as the raw materials, the soluble nutrient components of which were subsequently extracted as the liquid culture media. Two kinds of liquid media, PYG and milk, which are commonly used in national standards and industrial production, were set as control. During the process of 0-72 h fermentation culture, multiple time points were selected for dynamic tracking, and the effects of the seven liquid media on the proliferation and population growth of Bifidobacterium adolescentis were evaluated. The peak values of viable bacteria in PYG and milk were 1.456×10⁷ CFU/mL and 1.568×10⁷ CFU/mL, respectively in 72h. Those in the vegetable liquid media extracted from okra, purple potato, potato, and carrot were 6.832×10⁷ CFU/mL, 2.671×10⁷ CFU/mL, 1.600×10⁷ CFU/mL, and 4.320×10⁷ CFU/mL, all of which exceeded those in PYG and milk. Further results showed that in the initial content and ratio of soluble sugar (carbon source) and protein (nitrogen source) in the 7 culture media were remarkably different. The results of Bifidobacterium adolescentis fermentation showed that the initial mass concentration of soluble sugar and protein did not show a typical positive correlation with the culture effect of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and a higher concentration of viable bacteria could be obtained only when the utilization ratio of both was high. The liquid media extracted from either okra, purple potato, potato, or carrot could replace PYG and milk to realize the cost-effective fermentation of viable Bifidobacterium adolescentis.